Can a Tenant Be Evicted During the Winter In Ontario?

The Belief That a Tenant Cannot Be Evicted In the Winter Is Urban Myth Often Based on a Misperception of the Hardship Discretion Sometimes Used By the Landlord Tenant Board.

Understanding Whether a Tenant May Be Evicted During Winter

Residential Notice to Evict Document The belief that a residential tenant cannot be evicted during the winter is false.  There is nothing within the Residential Tenancies Act, 2006, S.O. 2006, Chapter 17, being the law that governs residential tenancies, that prevents a wintertime eviction; however, the Residential Tenancies Act, 2006 does contain section 83 which provides an adjudicator at a hearing of the Landlord Tenant Board to make discretionary decisions that may involve delaying an eviction and the reasoning for doing so may be because it is winter. Specifically, section 83 of the Residential Tenancies Act, 2006 states:

83 (1) Upon an application for an order evicting a tenant, the Board may, despite any other provision of this Act or the tenancy agreement,

(a)  refuse to grant the application unless satisfied, having regard to all the circumstances, that it would be unfair to refuse; or

(b)  order that the enforcement of the eviction order be postponed for a period of time.

(2) If a hearing is held, the Board shall not grant the application unless it has reviewed the circumstances and considered whether or not it should exercise its powers under subsection (1).

(3) Without restricting the generality of subsection (1), the Board shall refuse to grant the application where satisfied that,

(a)  the landlord is in serious breach of the landlord’s responsibilities under this Act or of any material covenant in the tenancy agreement;

(b)  the reason for the application being brought is that the tenant has complained to a governmental authority of the landlord’s violation of a law dealing with health, safety, housing or maintenance standards;

(c)  the reason for the application being brought is that the tenant has attempted to secure or enforce his or her legal rights;

(d)  the reason for the application being brought is that the tenant is a member of a tenants’ association or is attempting to organize such an association; or

(e)  the reason for the application being brought is that the rental unit is occupied by children and the occupation by the children does not constitute overcrowding.

(4) The Board shall not issue an eviction order in a proceeding regarding termination of a tenancy for the purposes of residential occupation, demolition, conversion to non-residential rental use, renovations or repairs until the landlord has complied with section 48.1, 49.1, 52, 54 or 55, as the case may be.

(5) If a tenant has given a landlord notice under subsection 53 (2) and subsection 54 (2) or (4) applies, the Board shall not issue an eviction order in a proceeding regarding termination of the tenancy until the landlord has compensated the tenant in accordance with subsection 54 (2) or (4), as applicable.

(6) Without restricting the generality of subsections (1) and (2), if a hearing is held in respect of an application under section 69 for an order evicting a tenant based on arrears of rent arising in whole or in part during the period beginning on March 17, 2020 and ending on the prescribed date, in determining whether to exercise its powers under subsection (1) the Board shall consider whether the landlord has attempted to negotiate an agreement with the tenant including terms of payment for the tenant’s arrears.

(7) Subsection (6) applies with respect to any application described in that subsection that,

(a)  is made on or after the day subsection 17 (3) of Schedule 4 to the Protecting Tenants and Strengthening Community Housing Act, 2020 comes into force; or

(b)  was made before that day and was not finally determined before that day.

(8) For greater certainty, subsection (6) applies whether or not a date has been prescribed for the purposes of that subsection.

Accordingly, the Landlord Tenant Board adjudicator may refrain from ordering an eviction during the winter months by, among other things, issuing an Order to Evict with a delayed eviction date.  However, it is false to believe that just because the Landlord Tenant Board adjudicator may refrain from ordering a wintertime eviction that a wintertime eviction is unlawful, impossible, or even unlikely. Depending on the circumstances, a wintertime eviction can indeed happen.

Summary Comment

The belief that an eviction is illegal in the wintertime is incorrect and based on an urban myth that appears to arise from the perception that because the Landlord Tenant Board may choose to avoid an eviction in the wintertime that the Landlord Tenant Board is unable to issue an Order to evict in the wintertime.

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